15th Shabaan ki raat jis ko aam taur se public me Shab-e-Barat kaha jata hai, jis ki meaning Mubarak wali raat yah bakhshish wali raat se famous hai, jab ke Shab-e-Barat ka Islam me koi bhi concept hi nahi hai. Halanke Jumle Shab-e-Barat me lafz Barat (بَرآءت) ki meaning bhi public ko misconcept hai, iski actual meaning hai “chutkara/ la-ta'taluq (disassociation)/bezaari” jaise Eid-ul-Fitr yani Fitra dene wali Eid, jaise Eid-ul-A'dha yani Zibha karne wali Eid theek waise hi Shab-e-Barat yani Bezaari yah La-Ta'luqi yah Chutkara paane wali raat. Meanings ke hawale se daleel, بَرَآءَۃٌ مِّنَ اللّٰہِ وَ رَسُوۡلِہٖۤ Allah aur uske Rasool ki taraf se Bezaari ka ailaan hai. (Surah Tawba# 01)
Behar-haal, public me Shab-e-Barat se related 5 ahadees aur kuch misconceptions famous hain, jo sanad ke aitibar se ZAEEF aur MANGHARAT ahadees hain.
Hazrat Ayesha (r.a) bayan karti hain, maine aik raat Rasool Muhammadﷺ ko (bistar par) na paaya, aap achanak baqee’i (Qabaristan/graveyard) tashreef le gaye, Aapﷺ ne farmaya, kia tumhe dar tha ke Allah aur uske Rasool Muhammadﷺ tum par zulm karen-ge? Maine arz kia, Allah ke Rasool! Maine samjha ke aap apni kisi wife ke paas tashreef le gaye hain. Aapﷺ ne farmaya, Allah ta’la nisf Shabaan (month Shabaan ke half me yani 15th date me) ki raat asmaan e duniya par nazil hota hai aur woh (is raat) culb qabeele ki bakriyon (goats) ke baalon se bhi ziyada logo ki maghfirat farma deta hai.
Yeh hadees munqata hai, kyu ke is me sab se bari jarah yeh hai ke is me rawiyon ki apas me mulaqat hi sabit nahi hai, yani is me jo Taba Taabai’e hai, Yahya Ibne kaseer, unki mulaqat Taabai’e Urwa (Hazrat Ayesha r.a ke bhanje) se sabit nahi.
Hazrat Ayesha (r.a) Rasool Muhammadﷺ se riwayat karti hain ke, Aapﷺ ne farmaya, aap jaanti hain ke nisf Shabaan ki raat kia waqeh hota hai? Unho-ne arz kia, Allah ke Rasool! Is me kia waqeh hota hai? Aapﷺ ne farmaya, is saal paida hone wale aur is saal death hone wale har shakhs ka naam is raat likh dia jata hai, isi raat un ke a'maal upar charh-te hain aur usi raat un ka rizq nazil kia jata hai.
Pehli baat, yeh hadees ZAEEF hai kun ki is me jo Taabai’e hai, Ibne Haris inki Hazrat Ayesha (r.a) se koi mulaqat sabit nahi aur dusre tareek me jo yeh hadees mili usme Ibne Kaseer Al-Abdi, Zaeef rawi hai. Dusri baat, yeh tamam fazail (virtues) Qur’an me Shab-e-Qadar ke liye bayan kiye gaye hain.
• Qasam hai is kitab (Qur'an) ki jo haq ko wazeh karne wali hai,
• Ke hum ne ise aik mubarak raat me utaara hai, (kun ke) hum logo ko khabrdar karne wale thay,
• Isi raat me har hakeemana mamla (yani mazboot faisle) humare hukum se teh kiya jata hai.
NOTE:
Yani aik raat hai jis me Qur’an nazil huwa aur usi din mazboot faisle (yani woh fazail jo upar hadees me bataye gaye) woh liye jaate hain. Ab dekhain, Qur’an kab nazil huwa?
• Ramzan ka mahina woh hai jis me Qur’an nazil kiya gaya. (Surah Al-Baqarah# 185)
• Be-shak hum ne is (Qur'an) ko Shab-e-Qadar me nazil kiya hai. (Surah Al-Qadar# 01)
NOTE:
Yani Ramzan-ul-Mubarak ke aakhri ashre (10 days) ke alternative days me jo Shab-e-Qadar aati, us me Qur’an nazil kiya gaya. Tou yeh baat Qur’an se hi prove hogayi ke Shab-e-Barat jis concepts based me manayi jati woh raat dar haqeeqat Shab-e-Qadar ki raat hai Lekin jo a'maal ALLAH ke huzoor char-haye jaate hain, Shabaan me, woh hadees sahi hai, Sunan-e-Nisai# 2359 ke tehat.
Hazrat Abu-Moosa Ash'ari Rasool Muhammadﷺ se riwayat karte hain ke, Aapﷺ ne farmaya ke, Allah nisf Shabaan ki raat apne bando par khusoosi (specially) taur par mutawaj’ja (attentive) hota hai aur woh mushrik aur keena parwar (Malice/bughuz) ke siwah tamam makhlooq ko bakhsh deta hai. (Mishkat-ul-Masabeeh# 1306)
Yeh intihayi sakht ZAEEF riwayat hai aur usme kayi sukum hai, jaise aik hai, Zubair bin Muslim aur Abdul Rehman majhool (unknown) rawi hain.
Hazrat Imam Ahmed ne Abdullah bin umri bin a’s (r.a) se riwayat kia hai, unki riwayat me hai, keena parwar aur khud-kushi (suicide) karne wale ke siwa (sab ko bakhsh deta hai. (Mishkat-ul-Masabeeh# 1307)
Yeh hadees bhi ZAEEF hai, kun ki is me aik ravi hai, Ibne Lehiya jo hai woh mudallis ravi hai.
Hazrat Ali (r.a) bayan karte hain, Rasool Muhammad ﷺ ne farmaya, jab nisf Shabaan ki raat ho tou tum us raat qayam karo, aur us din roza rakho, kun ke is raay aftaab (sun) ke ghuroob (set) hote hi Allah ta'la asmaan e duniya me nazool farma kar pouchta hal, sun lo! Koi maghfirat ka talab-gaar hai
taake main usay bakhsh dun, sun lo! Koi rizq ka talib hai taake main usay rizq ata farmaoun, sun lo! Koi aafiyat chah-ta hai taake main usay aafiyat ata farmaoun, sun lo! In in cheezon ka koi talib hai? Yeh silsilah tuloo'e fajar tak jaari rehta hai (Mishkat-ul-Masabeeh# 1308)
Is hadees me jo din ka roza hai woh sabit hai, Sahih Muslim# 2741 ke tehat magar Shab-e-Barat ki wajah se nahi balke Shabaan-ul-Mo'azam ki fazeelat aur sunnat ke aitibaar se. Baki jo hadees me zikar ke Allah Shab-e-Barat ki is raat me asmaan e duniya me apna nazool farmata (apne shaan ke laig) tou yeh amal sirf particularly is raat nahi rozana raat hota hai, Mishkat-ul-Masabeeh# 1223 ke tehat.
Aisi buhat si ahadees hain magar yeh 5 ahadees ziyada famous hai jin ki binah par 15th Shabaan ko raat me Shab-e-Barat ke naam se raato ko jaaga jaaga jata hai aur buhat si Bid'datain ki jati hain. Jo kis bhi aitibaar se Qur'anic ayaat aur Sahih Ahadees se sabit nahi.
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